JAMAICAN FRAGMENT COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS TEXT AND VIDEO FOR CLASS 10 ENGLISH FOR SCERT TS SYLLABUS

 

Jamaican Fragment

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Everyday, I walk a half-mile from my home to the tramcar lines in the morning and from the lines to my home in the evening. The walk is pleasant. The road on either side is flanked by red and green-roofed bungalows, green lawns and gardens. The exercise is good for me, and now and then, I learn something from a little incident. One morning, about half- way between my front gate and the tram track, I noticed two little boys playing in the garden of the more modest cottages. They were both very little boys, one was four years old perhaps, the other five. The bigger of the two was a sturdy youngster, very dark, with a mat of coarse hair on his head and coal-black eyes. He was definitely a little Jamaican — a strong little Jamaican. The other little fellow was smaller, but also sturdy — he was white, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair. Both were dressed in blue shirts and khaki pants. They wore no shoes and their feet were muddy. They were not conscious of my standing there, watching them; they played on. The game, if it could be called a game, was not elaborate. The little white boy strode imperiously up and down, and every now and then shouted imperiously at his bigger playmate. The little brown boy shuffled along quietly behind him and did what he was told.

'Pick up that stick!' The dark boy picked it up. 'Jump into the flowers!' The dark boy jumped.

'Get me some water!' The dark boy ran inside. The white boy sat down on the lawn. I was amazed. Here before my eyes, a white baby, for they were little more than

babies, was imposing his will upon a little black boy. And the little black boy submitted. I puzzled within myself as I went down the road. Could it be that the little dark boy was the son of a servant in the home and therefore had to do the white boy's bidding? No. They were obviously dressed alike, the little dark boy was of equal class with his playmate. No. They were playmates, the little dark boy was a neighbour's child. I was sure of that. Then how was it that he obeyed so faithfully the white boy's orders?

Was it that even as a boy he sensed that in his own country he would be at the white man's beck and call? Could he, at his age, divine a difference between himself and the white boy? And did the little white youngster, so young, such a baby, realize that he would grow to dominate the black man? Was there an indefinable quality in the white man that enabled his baby, smaller and younger than his playmate, to make him his slave? I could find no answer. I could not bring myself to believe such a thing, and yet, with my own eyes I had seen a little dark boy take orders from a little white boy — a little white boy, obviously his social equal, and younger and smaller. Were we, as a race, really inferior? So inferior that even in our infancy we realised our deficiencies, and accepted a position as the white man's servant?

For a whole day I puzzled over this problem. For a whole day my faith in my people was shaken. When I passed by that afternoon the little boys were not there. That evening I thought deeply on the subject.

The next morning the boys were there again, and a man was standing at the gate watching them. I stopped and looked, just to see what the white boy was making his little servant do. To my utter astonishment the little dark boy was striding imperiously up and down the lawn, while the white youngster walked abjectly behind him.

'Get me a banana!' The little boy ran into the house and reappeared shortly with a banana. 'Peel it for me!' the little white boy peeled the banana and handed it to his dark master.

I saw it now. It was indeed a game, a game I had played as a child. Each boy took it in turn every alternate day to be the boss, the other the slave. It had been great fun to me as a youngster. I smiled as I remembered. I looked at the man standing by the gate. He was a white man. I remembered what I had thought yesterday. He, no doubt, I thought to myself, was wondering if the black race is superior to the white. I laughed gently to myself. How silly grown-ups are, how clever we are, how wonderfully able we are, to impute deep motives to childish actions! This man, I said to myself, will puzzle all day on whether the blacks will eventually rise and rule the world because he thinks he sees a little black boy realizing at a tender age his superiority over the white. I will save him from his puzzle. I will explain it to him. I went across to him.

'I know what you're thinking,' I said. 'You're thinking that may be the black race is superior to the white, because you just saw the little dark youngster on the lawn ordering the little white boy around. Don't think that; it's a game they play. Alternate days one is the boss, the other the servant. It's a grand game. I used to play it and may be so did you. Yesterday I saw the little white boy bossing the dark one and I worried all day over the dark boy's realisation of his inferiority so young in life! We are silly, we grown-ups, aren't we?'

The man was surprised at my outburst. He looked at me smiling. 'I know all about the game,' he said. 'The boys are brothers — my sons.' He pointed to a handsome brown woman on the veranda who had just come out to call in the children. 'That's my wife', he said.

I smiled. My spirit laughed within me. This is Jamaica, I said in my heart, this is my country — my people. I looked at the white man. He smiled at me. 'We'll miss the tram if we don't hurry,' he said.

JAMAICAN FRAGMENT (class 10 English Questions and Answers)

Factual Questions and Answers:

1. What is the daily routine of the author mentioned in the text?

·        Answer: The author walks half a mile from home to tramcar lines in the morning and back in the evening.

2. Describe the appearance of the two little boys playing in the garden.

·        Answer: One boy is dark, with coarse hair and coal-black eyes, while the other is white, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair. Both wear blue shirts and khaki pants.

3. What was the game the two boys were playing in the garden?

·        Answer: The game involved taking turns being the boss and the servant, with commands given and obeyed alternately.

4. What puzzled the author about the interaction between the two boys?

·        Answer: The author was puzzled by the little dark boy's seemingly obedient behavior towards the little white boy.

5. How did the author feel about the situation initially, and how did it affect his faith in his people?

·        Answer: The author was initially amazed and puzzled, and it shook his faith in his people for a day.

6. What was the realization the author had the next day about the boys' interaction?

·        Answer: The author realized that it was a game, where the boys took turns being the boss and the servant.

7. Who was the man standing at the gate watching the boys, and what did the author assume about his thoughts?

·        Answer: The man was a white man, and the author assumed he was pondering whether the black race is superior to the white.

8. What was the man's reaction when the author explained the situation to him?

·        Answer: The man was surprised but confirmed that he knew about the game, and the boys were his sons.

9. Who turned out to be the wife of the man, and how did the author react?

·        Answer: The woman on the veranda turned out to be the man's wife, and the author smiled, feeling a sense of connection to his country and people.

10. What did the author realize about the situation, and what conclusion did he draw?

·        Answer: The author realized it was a game, and he concluded that grown-ups sometimes impute deep motives to childish actions.

11. What is the setting of the daily walk described by the author in the text?

• Answer: The setting is a road flanked by red and green-roofed bungalows, green lawns, and gardens.

12. Describe the physical appearance of the little white boy in the passage.

• Answer: The little white boy is smaller, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair, dressed in a blue shirt and khaki pants.

13. What was the author's initial reaction upon seeing the little white boy bossing the dark boy around?

• Answer: The author was amazed and puzzled, leading to a temporary shaken faith in his people.

14. How did the author feel the next morning upon realizing the nature of the boys' interaction?

• Answer: The author felt a sense of relief and smiled upon realizing that it was a game the boys played.

15. What did the little white boy command the dark boy to do when the man was watching them at the gate?

• Answer: The little white boy commanded the dark boy to get him a banana, which the dark boy promptly did.

16. How did the author's perception of the boys' interaction change after learning they were brothers?

• Answer: The author's perception changed from puzzlement to understanding, realizing that it was a familial game between brothers.

17. What did the author compare the boys' game to from his own childhood?

• Answer: The author compared the boys' game to a childhood game where each boy took turns being the boss and the servant.

18. What caused the author's faith in his people to be temporarily shaken?

• Answer: The author's faith was temporarily shaken by the initial puzzlement and amazement at the little dark boy seemingly obeying the little white boy.

19. What revelation about the boys surprised the author when he explained the situation to the man?

• Answer: The revelation that the boys were brothers surprised the author.

20. How did the man, who turned out to be the father of the boys, react to the author's explanation?

·        Answer: The man was surprised but confirmed that he knew about the game, and he pointed to the boys' mother on the veranda.

 

Inferential Questions and Answers:

1. What can be inferred about the author's initial thoughts on the interaction between the two boys and its impact on his faith in his people?
• Answer: The author's initial amazement and puzzlement temporarily shook his faith in his people, indicating the significance he attached to the observed behavior.
2. Based on the author's pondering about the little dark boy's obedience, what assumptions did he consider regarding social class and the boy's future?
• Answer: The author considered whether the little dark boy might be from a lower social class or if he sensed his future role as subservient to the white man.
3. What does the author's laughter at his own thoughts reveal about the adult perspective on children's actions?
• Answer: The author's laughter suggests that adults often impute deep motives to childish actions, realizing the innocence and simplicity behind children's games.
4. In the context of the author's initial worry, what can be inferred about his perception of racial dynamics in Jamaica during that time?
• Answer: The author's worry suggests a sensitivity to racial dynamics, questioning whether the observed behavior reflected deeper societal inequalities.
5. What might the author's realization about the boys playing a game imply about the nature of assumptions made by adults?
• Answer: The author's realization suggests that adults sometimes misinterpret children's actions, attributing complex motives when the reality is simpler and more innocent.
6. Considering the author's thoughts about the little dark boy's potential realization of inferiority, what inference can be drawn about societal expectations during that time?
• Answer: The author's thoughts suggest a recognition of societal expectations and the potential impact on a child's perception of race and social roles.
7. What can be inferred about the author's relief and sense of connection upon realizing the true nature of the boys' interaction?
• Answer: The author's relief and sense of connection suggest a positive outlook and a desire to dispel negative assumptions about racial dynamics in the observed scenario.
8. How does the revelation about the boys being brothers affect the inference about the dynamics of their game?
• Answer: The revelation emphasizes that the boys are brothers, indicating that their game is a lighthearted, familial activity rather than a reflection of broader societal issues.
9. What can be inferred about the importance of communication and understanding in dispelling misconceptions, as illustrated in the passage?
• Answer: The passage highlights the significance of communication and understanding in dispelling misconceptions, as the author's explanation to the man changes the interpretation of the boys' actions.
10. Considering the man's surprise at the author's explanation, what inference can be drawn about the prevalence of assumptions and stereotypes related to race in society?
• Answer: The man's surprise suggests that assumptions and stereotypes related to race may be prevalent, leading to unexpected reactions when these assumptions are challenged.

Extrapolating Questions and Answers:

1. If the author had not taken the time to observe the boys and inquire about the situation, how might his initial assumptions have influenced his perception of racial dynamics?
• Answer: Without observation and inquiry, the author's initial assumptions might have perpetuated negative perceptions of racial dynamics, leading to a continued sense of puzzlement and concern.
2. Considering the boys' game of taking turns being the boss and the servant, how might this childhood activity reflect broader societal attitudes towards hierarchy and authority in Jamaica?
• Answer: The boys' game might reflect a lighthearted exploration of hierarchy, authority, and roles, potentially mirroring societal attitudes towards these concepts in Jamaica.
3. If the boys had been from different families rather than being brothers, how might the dynamics of their game have been interpreted differently by the author and the man?
• Answer: If the boys were from different families, the author and the man might have interpreted the dynamics more seriously, potentially reinforcing assumptions about racial and social hierarchies.
4. How might the passage have unfolded differently if the author had not encountered the man and had the opportunity to explain the nature of the boys' game?
• Answer: Without encountering the man, the author's initial worries might have persisted, leading to a prolonged sense of concern and potentially influencing his views on racial dynamics.
5. Considering the impact of the author's explanation on the man's perception, how might open communication and sharing of perspectives contribute to breaking down racial stereotypes in society?
• Answer: The passage suggests that open communication and sharing perspectives can dispel stereotypes and contribute to a more nuanced understanding of racial dynamics.
6. If the author had not laughed at his own initial thoughts and had continued to harbor negative assumptions, how might this have influenced his interactions with others in the community?

·        Answer: If the author had not laughed at his own thoughts, negative assumptions might have colored his interactions,

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Jamaican Fragment

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Everyday, I walk a half-mile from my home to the tramcar lines in the morning and from the lines to my home in the evening. The walk is pleasant. The road on either side is flanked by red and green-roofed bungalows, green lawns and gardens. The exercise is good for me, and now and then, I learn something from a little incident. One morning, about half- way between my front gate and the tram track, I noticed two little boys playing in the garden of the more modest cottages. They were both very little boys, one was four years old perhaps, the other five. The bigger of the two was a sturdy youngster, very dark, with a mat of coarse hair on his head and coal-black eyes. He was definitely a little Jamaican — a strong little Jamaican. The other little fellow was smaller, but also sturdy — he was white, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair. Both were dressed in blue shirts and khaki pants. They wore no shoes and their feet were muddy. They were not conscious of my standing there, watching them; they played on. The game, if it could be called a game, was not elaborate. The little white boy strode imperiously up and down, and every now and then shouted imperiously at his bigger playmate. The little brown boy shuffled along quietly behind him and did what he was told.

'Pick up that stick!' The dark boy picked it up. 'Jump into the flowers!' The dark boy jumped.

'Get me some water!' The dark boy ran inside. The white boy sat down on the lawn. I was amazed. Here before my eyes, a white baby, for they were little more than

babies, was imposing his will upon a little black boy. And the little black boy submitted. I puzzled within myself as I went down the road. Could it be that the little dark boy was the son of a servant in the home and therefore had to do the white boy's bidding? No. They were obviously dressed alike, the little dark boy was of equal class with his playmate. No. They were playmates, the little dark boy was a neighbour's child. I was sure of that. Then how was it that he obeyed so faithfully the white boy's orders?

Was it that even as a boy he sensed that in his own country he would be at the white man's beck and call? Could he, at his age, divine a difference between himself and the white boy? And did the little white youngster, so young, such a baby, realize that he would grow to dominate the black man? Was there an indefinable quality in the white man that enabled his baby, smaller and younger than his playmate, to make him his slave? I could find no answer. I could not bring myself to believe such a thing, and yet, with my own eyes I had seen a little dark boy take orders from a little white boy — a little white boy, obviously his social equal, and younger and smaller. Were we, as a race, really inferior? So inferior that even in our infancy we realised our deficiencies, and accepted a position as the white man's servant?

For a whole day I puzzled over this problem. For a whole day my faith in my people was shaken. When I passed by that afternoon the little boys were not there. That evening I thought deeply on the subject.

The next morning the boys were there again, and a man was standing at the gate watching them. I stopped and looked, just to see what the white boy was making his little servant do. To my utter astonishment the little dark boy was striding imperiously up and down the lawn, while the white youngster walked abjectly behind him.

'Get me a banana!' The little boy ran into the house and reappeared shortly with a banana. 'Peel it for me!' the little white boy peeled the banana and handed it to his dark master.

I saw it now. It was indeed a game, a game I had played as a child. Each boy took it in turn every alternate day to be the boss, the other the slave. It had been great fun to me as a youngster. I smiled as I remembered. I looked at the man standing by the gate. He was a white man. I remembered what I had thought yesterday. He, no doubt, I thought to myself, was wondering if the black race is superior to the white. I laughed gently to myself. How silly grown-ups are, how clever we are, how wonderfully able we are, to impute deep motives to childish actions! This man, I said to myself, will puzzle all day on whether the blacks will eventually rise and rule the world because he thinks he sees a little black boy realizing at a tender age his superiority over the white. I will save him from his puzzle. I will explain it to him. I went across to him.

'I know what you're thinking,' I said. 'You're thinking that may be the black race is superior to the white, because you just saw the little dark youngster on the lawn ordering the little white boy around. Don't think that; it's a game they play. Alternate days one is the boss, the other the servant. It's a grand game. I used to play it and may be so did you. Yesterday I saw the little white boy bossing the dark one and I worried all day over the dark boy's realisation of his inferiority so young in life! We are silly, we grown-ups, aren't we?'

The man was surprised at my outburst. He looked at me smiling. 'I know all about the game,' he said. 'The boys are brothers — my sons.' He pointed to a handsome brown woman on the veranda who had just come out to call in the children. 'That's my wife', he said.

I smiled. My spirit laughed within me. This is Jamaica, I said in my heart, this is my country — my people. I looked at the white man. He smiled at me. 'We'll miss the tram if we don't hurry,' he said.

JAMAICAN FRAGMENT (class 10 English Questions and Answers)

Factual Questions and Answers:

1. What is the daily routine of the author mentioned in the text?

·        Answer: The author walks half a mile from home to tramcar lines in the morning and back in the evening.

2. Describe the appearance of the two little boys playing in the garden.

·        Answer: One boy is dark, with coarse hair and coal-black eyes, while the other is white, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair. Both wear blue shirts and khaki pants.

3. What was the game the two boys were playing in the garden?

·        Answer: The game involved taking turns being the boss and the servant, with commands given and obeyed alternately.

4. What puzzled the author about the interaction between the two boys?

·        Answer: The author was puzzled by the little dark boy's seemingly obedient behavior towards the little white boy.

5. How did the author feel about the situation initially, and how did it affect his faith in his people?

·        Answer: The author was initially amazed and puzzled, and it shook his faith in his people for a day.

6. What was the realization the author had the next day about the boys' interaction?

·        Answer: The author realized that it was a game, where the boys took turns being the boss and the servant.

7. Who was the man standing at the gate watching the boys, and what did the author assume about his thoughts?

·        Answer: The man was a white man, and the author assumed he was pondering whether the black race is superior to the white.

8. What was the man's reaction when the author explained the situation to him?

·        Answer: The man was surprised but confirmed that he knew about the game, and the boys were his sons.

9. Who turned out to be the wife of the man, and how did the author react?

·        Answer: The woman on the veranda turned out to be the man's wife, and the author smiled, feeling a sense of connection to his country and people.

10. What did the author realize about the situation, and what conclusion did he draw?

·        Answer: The author realized it was a game, and he concluded that grown-ups sometimes impute deep motives to childish actions.

11. What is the setting of the daily walk described by the author in the text?

• Answer: The setting is a road flanked by red and green-roofed bungalows, green lawns, and gardens.

12. Describe the physical appearance of the little white boy in the passage.

• Answer: The little white boy is smaller, with hazel eyes and light-brown hair, dressed in a blue shirt and khaki pants.

13. What was the author's initial reaction upon seeing the little white boy bossing the dark boy around?

• Answer: The author was amazed and puzzled, leading to a temporary shaken faith in his people.

14. How did the author feel the next morning upon realizing the nature of the boys' interaction?

• Answer: The author felt a sense of relief and smiled upon realizing that it was a game the boys played.

15. What did the little white boy command the dark boy to do when the man was watching them at the gate?

• Answer: The little white boy commanded the dark boy to get him a banana, which the dark boy promptly did.

16. How did the author's perception of the boys' interaction change after learning they were brothers?

• Answer: The author's perception changed from puzzlement to understanding, realizing that it was a familial game between brothers.

17. What did the author compare the boys' game to from his own childhood?

• Answer: The author compared the boys' game to a childhood game where each boy took turns being the boss and the servant.

18. What caused the author's faith in his people to be temporarily shaken?

• Answer: The author's faith was temporarily shaken by the initial puzzlement and amazement at the little dark boy seemingly obeying the little white boy.

19. What revelation about the boys surprised the author when he explained the situation to the man?

• Answer: The revelation that the boys were brothers surprised the author.

20. How did the man, who turned out to be the father of the boys, react to the author's explanation?

·        Answer: The man was surprised but confirmed that he knew about the game, and he pointed to the boys' mother on the veranda.

 

Inferential Questions and Answers:

1. What can be inferred about the author's initial thoughts on the interaction between the two boys and its impact on his faith in his people?
• Answer: The author's initial amazement and puzzlement temporarily shook his faith in his people, indicating the significance he attached to the observed behavior.
2. Based on the author's pondering about the little dark boy's obedience, what assumptions did he consider regarding social class and the boy's future?
• Answer: The author considered whether the little dark boy might be from a lower social class or if he sensed his future role as subservient to the white man.
3. What does the author's laughter at his own thoughts reveal about the adult perspective on children's actions?
• Answer: The author's laughter suggests that adults often impute deep motives to childish actions, realizing the innocence and simplicity behind children's games.
4. In the context of the author's initial worry, what can be inferred about his perception of racial dynamics in Jamaica during that time?
• Answer: The author's worry suggests a sensitivity to racial dynamics, questioning whether the observed behavior reflected deeper societal inequalities.
5. What might the author's realization about the boys playing a game imply about the nature of assumptions made by adults?
• Answer: The author's realization suggests that adults sometimes misinterpret children's actions, attributing complex motives when the reality is simpler and more innocent.
6. Considering the author's thoughts about the little dark boy's potential realization of inferiority, what inference can be drawn about societal expectations during that time?
• Answer: The author's thoughts suggest a recognition of societal expectations and the potential impact on a child's perception of race and social roles.
7. What can be inferred about the author's relief and sense of connection upon realizing the true nature of the boys' interaction?
• Answer: The author's relief and sense of connection suggest a positive outlook and a desire to dispel negative assumptions about racial dynamics in the observed scenario.
8. How does the revelation about the boys being brothers affect the inference about the dynamics of their game?
• Answer: The revelation emphasizes that the boys are brothers, indicating that their game is a lighthearted, familial activity rather than a reflection of broader societal issues.
9. What can be inferred about the importance of communication and understanding in dispelling misconceptions, as illustrated in the passage?
• Answer: The passage highlights the significance of communication and understanding in dispelling misconceptions, as the author's explanation to the man changes the interpretation of the boys' actions.
10. Considering the man's surprise at the author's explanation, what inference can be drawn about the prevalence of assumptions and stereotypes related to race in society?
• Answer: The man's surprise suggests that assumptions and stereotypes related to race may be prevalent, leading to unexpected reactions when these assumptions are challenged.

Extrapolating Questions and Answers:

1. If the author had not taken the time to observe the boys and inquire about the situation, how might his initial assumptions have influenced his perception of racial dynamics?
• Answer: Without observation and inquiry, the author's initial assumptions might have perpetuated negative perceptions of racial dynamics, leading to a continued sense of puzzlement and concern.
2. Considering the boys' game of taking turns being the boss and the servant, how might this childhood activity reflect broader societal attitudes towards hierarchy and authority in Jamaica?
• Answer: The boys' game might reflect a lighthearted exploration of hierarchy, authority, and roles, potentially mirroring societal attitudes towards these concepts in Jamaica.
3. If the boys had been from different families rather than being brothers, how might the dynamics of their game have been interpreted differently by the author and the man?
• Answer: If the boys were from different families, the author and the man might have interpreted the dynamics more seriously, potentially reinforcing assumptions about racial and social hierarchies.
4. How might the passage have unfolded differently if the author had not encountered the man and had the opportunity to explain the nature of the boys' game?
• Answer: Without encountering the man, the author's initial worries might have persisted, leading to a prolonged sense of concern and potentially influencing his views on racial dynamics.
5. Considering the impact of the author's explanation on the man's perception, how might open communication and sharing of perspectives contribute to breaking down racial stereotypes in society?
• Answer: The passage suggests that open communication and sharing perspectives can dispel stereotypes and contribute to a more nuanced understanding of racial dynamics.
6. If the author had not laughed at his own initial thoughts and had continued to harbor negative assumptions, how might this have influenced his interactions with others in the community?

·        Answer: If the author had not laughed at his own thoughts, negative assumptions might have colored his interactions,

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WHAT IS MY NAME (10th class English - Reading Text, Comprehension Questions and Answers for factual, inferential, and extrapolating questions)

 WHAT IS MY NAME

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Have you noticed how your father calls your mother? Does he use her name or not? How do the neighbours address her? Does anyone address her by name? What about your grandmother? In this story, P. Sathyavathi describes how a woman forgets her own name since no one addresses her by name. How does a woman gain her identity— by name, by marriage, by motherhood, by education, by profession or by anything else? Read the story keeping these questions in mind.

A young woman, before being a housewife. A woman, educated and cultured, and intelligent, and capable, quick-witted, with a sense of humour and elegance.

Falling for her beauty and intelligence, as also the dowry which her father offered, a young man tied the three sacred knots around her neck, made her the housewife to a household and said to her, 'Look, ammadu, this is your home.' Then the housewife immediately pulled the end of her sari and tucked it in at the waist and swabbed the entire house and decorated the floor with muggulu designs. The young man promptly praised her work. 'You are dexterous at swabbing the floor — even more dexterous in drawing the muggulu. Sabash, keep it up.' He said it in English, giving her a pat on the shoulder in appreciation. Overjoyed, the housewife began living with swabbing as the chief mission in her life. She scrubbed the house spotlessly clean at all times and beautifully decorated it with multi-coloured designs. That's how her life went on, with a sumptuous and ceaseless supply of swabbing cloths and muggu baskets.

But one day while scrubbing the floor, the housewife suddenly asked herself, 'What is my name?' The query shook her up. Leaving the mopping cloth and the muggu basket there itself, she stood near the window scratching her head, lost in thoughts. 'What is my name — what is my name?' The house across the road carried a name-board, Mrs M Suhasini, M.A., Ph.D., Principal, 'X' College. Yes, she too had a name as her neighbour did — 'How could I forget like that? In my scrubbing zeal I have forgotten my name — what shall I do now?' The housewife was perturbed. Her mind became totally restless. Somehow, she finished her daubing for the day.

Meanwhile, the maidservant arrived. Hoping at least she would remember, the housewife asked her, 'Look, ammayi, do you know my name?'

'What is it, amma?' said the girl. 'What do we have to do with names of mistresses?' You are only a mistress to us — the mistress of such and such a white-storeyed house, 'ground floor means you.'

'Yes, true, of course, how can you know, poor thing?' thought the housewife.

The children came home from school for lunch in the afternoon. 'At least the children might remember my name' — the housewife hoped.

'Look here, children, do you know my name?' she asked.

They were taken aback.

'You are amma — your name is amma only — ever since we were born we have known only this, the letters that come are only in father's name — because everyone calls him by his name we know his name — you never told us your name — you don't even get letters addressed to your name,' the children said plainly. 'Yes, who will write letters to me?' Father and mother are there but they only make phone calls once in a month or two. Even my sisters are immersed with swabbing their houses. Even if they met me in some marriage or kumkum ceremony, they chatted away their time talking about new muggulu or new dishes to cook, but no letters!' The housewife was disappointed and grew more restless — the urge to know her own name somehow or the other grew stronger in her.

Now a neighbour came to invite her to a kumkum ceremony. The housewife asked her neighbour hoping she atleast would remember her name. Giggling, the lady said, 'Somehow or other I haven't asked your name nor have you told me. Right -hand side, white storeyed - house or there she is, that pharmaceutical company manager's wife, if not that, that fair and tall lady, that’s how we refer to you, that's all.' That's all that the other housewife could say.

It’s no use. What can even my children's friends say —  they know me only as Kamala's mother or some aunty, now my respected husband — is the only hope —  if anyone remembers it, it is only he.

During the night meal, she asked him, 'Look here, I have forgotten my name — if you remember it, will you please tell me?'

The respected husband burst out laughing and said, 'What is it, dear, never has it happened before, you are talking about your name today. Ever since we were married I have got used to calling you only as yemoi. You too never told me not to address you that way because you have a name of your own — what's happened now — Everyone calls you Mrs Murthy, don't they?’

‘Not Mrs Murthy, I want my own name — what shall I do now?' she said in anguish. 'What's there, you choose a new name, some name or other,' the husband advised. ‘Very nice — your name is Satyanarayana Murthy; will you keep quiet if I ask you to change your name to Siva Rao or Sundara Rao? I want my name only,' she said.

'It's all right, you are an educated woman — your name must be on the certificates — don't you have that much common sense — go and find out,' he advised her .

The housewife searched frantically for her certificates in the almirah — pattu saris, chiffon saris, handloom saris, voile saris, matching blouses, petticoats, bangles, beads, pearls, pins, kumkum barinas, silver plates, silver containers to keep sandalwood paste, ornaments all things arranged in an orderly fashion. Nowhere could she find her certificates. Yes — after marriage she had never bothered to carry those certificates here.

'Yes — I haven't brought them here — I shall go to my place, search for my certificates and enquire about my name, and return in a couple of days.' She asked for her husband's permission. 'Very nice! Must you go just for your name or what? If you go, who will scrub the house these two days?' said her lord. Yes, that was true — because she scrubbed better than the others. She had not allowed anyone else to do that job all these days. Everyone was busy with their own respective duties. He had his office — poor things, the children had their studies to take care of. Why should they bother about this chore, and she had been doing it all along — they just didn't know how to do it, of course.

But still, how to live without knowing one's name? It was all right all these days since the question had not occurred to her; now it was really hard to live without a name.

'Just for two days you manage somehow or other — until and unless I go and get my name,  I shall find it difficult to live,' she pleaded with her husband and managed to get out of the house.

'Why, dear daughter, have you come so suddenly? Are your children and husband all right? Why have you come alone?'

Behind affectionate enquiries of the father and the mother there was a strain of suspicion. Recollecting immediately the purpose of her visit, the housewife asked her mother most pitifully, 'Amma, tell me, what is my name?'

'What is it amma, you are our elder daughter. We gave you education up to B.A. and got you married with fifty thousand rupees as dowry. We took care of your two deliveries —  each time we alone bore the expenses of the maternity home. You have two children — your husband has a good job — a very nice person, too — your children are well-mannered.'

'It's not my history, amma — it's my name I want. At least tell me where my certificates are.'

'I don't know, child. Recently we cleaned out the almirah of old papers and files and arranged some glassware in their place. Some important files we kept in the attic — we shall search for them tomorrow. Now what is the hurry, don't worry about them — take a good bath and have your meal, child,' said the housewife's mother.

The housewife took a good bath and ate her meal, but she could not sleep. While scrubbing the house, humming happily, joyously, and making muggulu, she had never thought that she would have to face so many difficulties like this by forgetting her own name. Dawn broke, but the search for the certificates among the files in the attic had not ended.

Now the wife asked everyone she met — she asked the trees — the anthills — the pond — the school where she had studied — the college. After all the shouting and the wailing, she met a friend — and succeeded in recovering her name.

That friend was also like her — married, and a housewife like her, but she had not made swabbing the sole purpose of her life; scrubbing was only a part of her life; she remembered her name and the names of her friends. This particular friend recognized our housewife.

'Sarada! My dear Sarada!' she shouted and embraced her. The housewife felt like a person — totally parched and dried up, about to die of thirst — getting a drink of cool water from the new earthen kooja poured into her mouth with a spoon and given thus a new life. The friend did indeed give her a new life — 'You are Sarada. You came first in our school in the tenth class. You came first in the music competition conducted by the college. You used to paint good pictures too. We were ten friends altogether — I meet all of them some time or other. We write letters to each other. Only you have gone out of our reach! Tell me why are you living incognito?' her friend confronted her.

 'Yes, Pramila — what you say is true. Of course I'm Sarada — until you said it I could not remember it — all the shelves of my mind were taken up with only one thing — how well I can scrub the floors. I remembered nothing else. Had I not met  you, I would have gone mad,' said the housewife named Sarada.

Sarada returned home, climbed the attic and fished out her certificates, the pictures she had drawn — old albums, everything she succeeded in getting out. She also searched further and managed to find the prizes she had received in school and college.

Overjoyed, she returned home.

'You have not been here — look at the state of the house — it's like a choultry. Oh what a relief you are here, now it is like a festival for us,' said Sarada's husband. 'Just scrubbing the floor does not make a festival. By the way, from now onwards don't call me yemoi geemoi. My name is Sarada — call me Sarada, understood?

Having said that, she went inside, humming joyously.

Sarada who had always cared so much for discipline, keeping an eye on every corner, checking if there was dust, making sure things were properly arranged each in its correct and respective order, now sat on the sofa which had not been dusted for the last two days. She sat there showing the children an album of her paintings that she had brought for them.

 

What is my name? (10^th class English Questions and Answers for better understanding)

Factual Questions and Answers:

1. Who tied the three sacred knots around the young woman's neck, making her a housewife?
• Answer: A young man tied the three sacred knots around the young woman's neck, making her a housewife.
2. What did the young man say to the housewife when he made her the housewife?
• Answer: The young man said to her, 'Look, ammadu, this is your home.'
3. What did the housewife do immediately after being made a housewife?
• Answer: The housewife pulled the end of her sari, tucked it in at the waist, swabbed the entire house, and decorated the floor with muggulu designs.
4. What became the chief mission in the housewife's life after being praised by her husband?
• Answer: Swabbing the floor became the chief mission in the housewife's life after being praised by her husband.
5. What did the housewife suddenly ask herself while scrubbing the floor one day?
• Answer: The housewife suddenly asked herself, 'What is my name?' while scrubbing the floor one day.
6. What did the children say when the housewife asked them if they knew her name?
• Answer: The children said, 'You are amma — your name is amma only. You never told us your name.'
7. What suggestion did the husband give when the housewife asked him about her name?
• Answer: The husband suggested, 'Your name must be on the certificates — go and find out.'
8. What did the housewife do when she couldn't find her certificates at home?
• Answer: The housewife decided to go to her place, search for her certificates, and inquire about her name.
9. What did the housewife's friend shout when she recognized her?
• Answer: The housewife's friend shouted, 'Sarada! My dear Sarada!' when she recognized her.
10. What items did Sarada fish out from the attic after meeting her friend?
• Answer: Sarada fished out her certificates, the pictures she had drawn, old albums, and the prizes she had received in school and college.

Inferential Questions and Answers:

1. Why did the housewife start living with swabbing as the chief mission in her life?
• Answer: The housewife started living with swabbing as the chief mission because her husband praised her for being dexterous at swabbing and drawing muggulu.
2. Why did the housewife feel perturbed and restless after realizing she forgot her name?
• Answer: The housewife felt perturbed and restless because no one, including her children and friends, seemed to know or remember her name.
3. Why did the housewife's husband burst out laughing when she asked about her name?
• Answer: The husband burst out laughing because, since their marriage, he had always addressed her as 'yemoi,' and she had never objected or provided her actual name.
4. Why did Sarada decide to go to her place to search for her certificates?
• Answer: Sarada decided to go to her place to search for her certificates because she believed her name would be on those certificates.
5. Why did Sarada feel like a person getting a drink of cool water when her friend recognized her?
• Answer: Sarada felt like a person getting a drink of cool water because her friend, by recognizing her as Sarada, restored her sense of identity.

Extrapolating Questions and Answers:

1. How might the housewife's life have been different if she had pursued interests beyond swabbing the floor?
• Answer: If the housewife had pursued interests beyond swabbing the floor, she might have had a more varied and fulfilling life, with a stronger sense of identity.
2. What could be the long-term impact on the housewife's relationship with her children if she continues to be known only as 'amma'?
• Answer: The long-term impact could be a strained relationship as her children may struggle to connect with her beyond the role of 'amma,' lacking a deeper understanding of her individual identity.
3. How might the housewife's self-discovery journey influence her views on the roles of women in society?
• Answer: The housewife's self-discovery journey might lead her to revaluate societal expectations and norms for women, emphasizing the importance of personal identity beyond traditional roles.
4. If the housewife had chosen a new name, how might it have symbolized a fresh start or a redefinition of her identity?
• Answer: Choosing a new name could have symbolized a fresh start or a redefinition of her identity, signifying a departure from the limitations associated with being known only as a housewife.
5. How could the housewife's experience inspire others to prioritize self-discovery and personal identity?
• Answer: The housewife's experience could inspire others to prioritize self-discovery by highlighting the significance of knowing one's name and maintaining a sense of individual identity beyond societal roles.

 WHAT IS MY NAME

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Have you noticed how your father calls your mother? Does he use her name or not? How do the neighbours address her? Does anyone address her by name? What about your grandmother? In this story, P. Sathyavathi describes how a woman forgets her own name since no one addresses her by name. How does a woman gain her identity— by name, by marriage, by motherhood, by education, by profession or by anything else? Read the story keeping these questions in mind.

A young woman, before being a housewife. A woman, educated and cultured, and intelligent, and capable, quick-witted, with a sense of humour and elegance.

Falling for her beauty and intelligence, as also the dowry which her father offered, a young man tied the three sacred knots around her neck, made her the housewife to a household and said to her, 'Look, ammadu, this is your home.' Then the housewife immediately pulled the end of her sari and tucked it in at the waist and swabbed the entire house and decorated the floor with muggulu designs. The young man promptly praised her work. 'You are dexterous at swabbing the floor — even more dexterous in drawing the muggulu. Sabash, keep it up.' He said it in English, giving her a pat on the shoulder in appreciation. Overjoyed, the housewife began living with swabbing as the chief mission in her life. She scrubbed the house spotlessly clean at all times and beautifully decorated it with multi-coloured designs. That's how her life went on, with a sumptuous and ceaseless supply of swabbing cloths and muggu baskets.

But one day while scrubbing the floor, the housewife suddenly asked herself, 'What is my name?' The query shook her up. Leaving the mopping cloth and the muggu basket there itself, she stood near the window scratching her head, lost in thoughts. 'What is my name — what is my name?' The house across the road carried a name-board, Mrs M Suhasini, M.A., Ph.D., Principal, 'X' College. Yes, she too had a name as her neighbour did — 'How could I forget like that? In my scrubbing zeal I have forgotten my name — what shall I do now?' The housewife was perturbed. Her mind became totally restless. Somehow, she finished her daubing for the day.

Meanwhile, the maidservant arrived. Hoping at least she would remember, the housewife asked her, 'Look, ammayi, do you know my name?'

'What is it, amma?' said the girl. 'What do we have to do with names of mistresses?' You are only a mistress to us — the mistress of such and such a white-storeyed house, 'ground floor means you.'

'Yes, true, of course, how can you know, poor thing?' thought the housewife.

The children came home from school for lunch in the afternoon. 'At least the children might remember my name' — the housewife hoped.

'Look here, children, do you know my name?' she asked.

They were taken aback.

'You are amma — your name is amma only — ever since we were born we have known only this, the letters that come are only in father's name — because everyone calls him by his name we know his name — you never told us your name — you don't even get letters addressed to your name,' the children said plainly. 'Yes, who will write letters to me?' Father and mother are there but they only make phone calls once in a month or two. Even my sisters are immersed with swabbing their houses. Even if they met me in some marriage or kumkum ceremony, they chatted away their time talking about new muggulu or new dishes to cook, but no letters!' The housewife was disappointed and grew more restless — the urge to know her own name somehow or the other grew stronger in her.

Now a neighbour came to invite her to a kumkum ceremony. The housewife asked her neighbour hoping she atleast would remember her name. Giggling, the lady said, 'Somehow or other I haven't asked your name nor have you told me. Right -hand side, white storeyed - house or there she is, that pharmaceutical company manager's wife, if not that, that fair and tall lady, that’s how we refer to you, that's all.' That's all that the other housewife could say.

It’s no use. What can even my children's friends say —  they know me only as Kamala's mother or some aunty, now my respected husband — is the only hope —  if anyone remembers it, it is only he.

During the night meal, she asked him, 'Look here, I have forgotten my name — if you remember it, will you please tell me?'

The respected husband burst out laughing and said, 'What is it, dear, never has it happened before, you are talking about your name today. Ever since we were married I have got used to calling you only as yemoi. You too never told me not to address you that way because you have a name of your own — what's happened now — Everyone calls you Mrs Murthy, don't they?’

‘Not Mrs Murthy, I want my own name — what shall I do now?' she said in anguish. 'What's there, you choose a new name, some name or other,' the husband advised. ‘Very nice — your name is Satyanarayana Murthy; will you keep quiet if I ask you to change your name to Siva Rao or Sundara Rao? I want my name only,' she said.

'It's all right, you are an educated woman — your name must be on the certificates — don't you have that much common sense — go and find out,' he advised her .

The housewife searched frantically for her certificates in the almirah — pattu saris, chiffon saris, handloom saris, voile saris, matching blouses, petticoats, bangles, beads, pearls, pins, kumkum barinas, silver plates, silver containers to keep sandalwood paste, ornaments all things arranged in an orderly fashion. Nowhere could she find her certificates. Yes — after marriage she had never bothered to carry those certificates here.

'Yes — I haven't brought them here — I shall go to my place, search for my certificates and enquire about my name, and return in a couple of days.' She asked for her husband's permission. 'Very nice! Must you go just for your name or what? If you go, who will scrub the house these two days?' said her lord. Yes, that was true — because she scrubbed better than the others. She had not allowed anyone else to do that job all these days. Everyone was busy with their own respective duties. He had his office — poor things, the children had their studies to take care of. Why should they bother about this chore, and she had been doing it all along — they just didn't know how to do it, of course.

But still, how to live without knowing one's name? It was all right all these days since the question had not occurred to her; now it was really hard to live without a name.

'Just for two days you manage somehow or other — until and unless I go and get my name,  I shall find it difficult to live,' she pleaded with her husband and managed to get out of the house.

'Why, dear daughter, have you come so suddenly? Are your children and husband all right? Why have you come alone?'

Behind affectionate enquiries of the father and the mother there was a strain of suspicion. Recollecting immediately the purpose of her visit, the housewife asked her mother most pitifully, 'Amma, tell me, what is my name?'

'What is it amma, you are our elder daughter. We gave you education up to B.A. and got you married with fifty thousand rupees as dowry. We took care of your two deliveries —  each time we alone bore the expenses of the maternity home. You have two children — your husband has a good job — a very nice person, too — your children are well-mannered.'

'It's not my history, amma — it's my name I want. At least tell me where my certificates are.'

'I don't know, child. Recently we cleaned out the almirah of old papers and files and arranged some glassware in their place. Some important files we kept in the attic — we shall search for them tomorrow. Now what is the hurry, don't worry about them — take a good bath and have your meal, child,' said the housewife's mother.

The housewife took a good bath and ate her meal, but she could not sleep. While scrubbing the house, humming happily, joyously, and making muggulu, she had never thought that she would have to face so many difficulties like this by forgetting her own name. Dawn broke, but the search for the certificates among the files in the attic had not ended.

Now the wife asked everyone she met — she asked the trees — the anthills — the pond — the school where she had studied — the college. After all the shouting and the wailing, she met a friend — and succeeded in recovering her name.

That friend was also like her — married, and a housewife like her, but she had not made swabbing the sole purpose of her life; scrubbing was only a part of her life; she remembered her name and the names of her friends. This particular friend recognized our housewife.

'Sarada! My dear Sarada!' she shouted and embraced her. The housewife felt like a person — totally parched and dried up, about to die of thirst — getting a drink of cool water from the new earthen kooja poured into her mouth with a spoon and given thus a new life. The friend did indeed give her a new life — 'You are Sarada. You came first in our school in the tenth class. You came first in the music competition conducted by the college. You used to paint good pictures too. We were ten friends altogether — I meet all of them some time or other. We write letters to each other. Only you have gone out of our reach! Tell me why are you living incognito?' her friend confronted her.

 'Yes, Pramila — what you say is true. Of course I'm Sarada — until you said it I could not remember it — all the shelves of my mind were taken up with only one thing — how well I can scrub the floors. I remembered nothing else. Had I not met  you, I would have gone mad,' said the housewife named Sarada.

Sarada returned home, climbed the attic and fished out her certificates, the pictures she had drawn — old albums, everything she succeeded in getting out. She also searched further and managed to find the prizes she had received in school and college.

Overjoyed, she returned home.

'You have not been here — look at the state of the house — it's like a choultry. Oh what a relief you are here, now it is like a festival for us,' said Sarada's husband. 'Just scrubbing the floor does not make a festival. By the way, from now onwards don't call me yemoi geemoi. My name is Sarada — call me Sarada, understood?

Having said that, she went inside, humming joyously.

Sarada who had always cared so much for discipline, keeping an eye on every corner, checking if there was dust, making sure things were properly arranged each in its correct and respective order, now sat on the sofa which had not been dusted for the last two days. She sat there showing the children an album of her paintings that she had brought for them.

 

What is my name? (10^th class English Questions and Answers for better understanding)

Factual Questions and Answers:

1. Who tied the three sacred knots around the young woman's neck, making her a housewife?
• Answer: A young man tied the three sacred knots around the young woman's neck, making her a housewife.
2. What did the young man say to the housewife when he made her the housewife?
• Answer: The young man said to her, 'Look, ammadu, this is your home.'
3. What did the housewife do immediately after being made a housewife?
• Answer: The housewife pulled the end of her sari, tucked it in at the waist, swabbed the entire house, and decorated the floor with muggulu designs.
4. What became the chief mission in the housewife's life after being praised by her husband?
• Answer: Swabbing the floor became the chief mission in the housewife's life after being praised by her husband.
5. What did the housewife suddenly ask herself while scrubbing the floor one day?
• Answer: The housewife suddenly asked herself, 'What is my name?' while scrubbing the floor one day.
6. What did the children say when the housewife asked them if they knew her name?
• Answer: The children said, 'You are amma — your name is amma only. You never told us your name.'
7. What suggestion did the husband give when the housewife asked him about her name?
• Answer: The husband suggested, 'Your name must be on the certificates — go and find out.'
8. What did the housewife do when she couldn't find her certificates at home?
• Answer: The housewife decided to go to her place, search for her certificates, and inquire about her name.
9. What did the housewife's friend shout when she recognized her?
• Answer: The housewife's friend shouted, 'Sarada! My dear Sarada!' when she recognized her.
10. What items did Sarada fish out from the attic after meeting her friend?
• Answer: Sarada fished out her certificates, the pictures she had drawn, old albums, and the prizes she had received in school and college.

Inferential Questions and Answers:

1. Why did the housewife start living with swabbing as the chief mission in her life?
• Answer: The housewife started living with swabbing as the chief mission because her husband praised her for being dexterous at swabbing and drawing muggulu.
2. Why did the housewife feel perturbed and restless after realizing she forgot her name?
• Answer: The housewife felt perturbed and restless because no one, including her children and friends, seemed to know or remember her name.
3. Why did the housewife's husband burst out laughing when she asked about her name?
• Answer: The husband burst out laughing because, since their marriage, he had always addressed her as 'yemoi,' and she had never objected or provided her actual name.
4. Why did Sarada decide to go to her place to search for her certificates?
• Answer: Sarada decided to go to her place to search for her certificates because she believed her name would be on those certificates.
5. Why did Sarada feel like a person getting a drink of cool water when her friend recognized her?
• Answer: Sarada felt like a person getting a drink of cool water because her friend, by recognizing her as Sarada, restored her sense of identity.

Extrapolating Questions and Answers:

1. How might the housewife's life have been different if she had pursued interests beyond swabbing the floor?
• Answer: If the housewife had pursued interests beyond swabbing the floor, she might have had a more varied and fulfilling life, with a stronger sense of identity.
2. What could be the long-term impact on the housewife's relationship with her children if she continues to be known only as 'amma'?
• Answer: The long-term impact could be a strained relationship as her children may struggle to connect with her beyond the role of 'amma,' lacking a deeper understanding of her individual identity.
3. How might the housewife's self-discovery journey influence her views on the roles of women in society?
• Answer: The housewife's self-discovery journey might lead her to revaluate societal expectations and norms for women, emphasizing the importance of personal identity beyond traditional roles.
4. If the housewife had chosen a new name, how might it have symbolized a fresh start or a redefinition of her identity?
• Answer: Choosing a new name could have symbolized a fresh start or a redefinition of her identity, signifying a departure from the limitations associated with being known only as a housewife.
5. How could the housewife's experience inspire others to prioritize self-discovery and personal identity?
• Answer: The housewife's experience could inspire others to prioritize self-discovery by highlighting the significance of knowing one's name and maintaining a sense of individual identity beyond societal roles.

ATTITUDE IS ALTITUDE READING TEXT, COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS (SIMPLE, FACTUAL, INFERENTIAL AND EXTRAPOLATING) AND ANSWERS

 Attitude Is Altitude

For Video to watch Questions and Answers Click here or touch me once

Imagine having no arms to stretch in the morning, to help you scratch that itch, to allow you to wrap your arms around your loved ones. Imagine having no legs to kick pebbles down the street, to walk or run, to bicycle or skateboard, or get you from point A to point B. Then imagine both at once, which is what Nick has faced his whole life. Have you heard something like this before?

Nick was born with no arms and legs - but he doesn’t let the details stop him. The brave 26-year-old — who is mainly a torso — plays football and golf, swims and surfs, despite having no limbs.

Nick has a small foot on his left hip which helps him balance and enables him to kick. He uses his one foot to type, write with a pen and pick things up between his toes.

‘I call it my chicken drumstick,’ joked Nick, who was born in Melbourne, Australia, but now lives in Los Angeles. ‘I’d be lost

without it.’

Due to his faith as an Evangelical Christian, Nick has chosen to remain a virgin until marriage.

 'He's very modest but he gets marriage proposals from women all the time,' said Nick's friend and publicist Steve Appel, from Los Angeles.

 'He would love to get married and start a family but he's waiting for the right girl to come along.'

 Water sports aren't Nick's only thing - he also plays golf with a club ucked under his chin, and is a huge fan of the English Premier League.

His parents decided not to send him to a special school - a decision he said was very hard for him, but which may have been the best decision they could have made for him.

When Nick was born his father was so shocked that he left the hospital room to vomit. His distraught mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.

 His disability came without any medical explanation - a rare occurrence called Phocomelia - and Nick and his parents spent many years asking why this cruel trick would happen to them. 'My mother was a nurse and she did everything right during pregnancy but she still blamed herself,' he said.

'It was so hard for them but right from the start they did their best to make me independent.’  'My dad put me in the water at 18 months and gave the courage to learn how to swim.’ 'I also got really into football and skateboarding. I totally love the English Premier League.'  Nick's father was a computer programmer and accountant and he taught his little son

how to type with his toe at just 6 years old. His mum invented a special plastic device that meant he could hold a pen and pencil.

Despite the risk of being bullied, his parents insisted Nick on attending mainstream school. 'It was the best decision they could have made for me,' adds Nick, who later achieved a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate. 'It was very hard but it gave me independence.'

Nick, who was teased and bullied, had an electric wheelchair for mobility, and a team of carers to help him.

 'I was deeply depressed when I was eight years old,' he said. 'I went to my mum crying and told her I wanted to kill myself.’

'I felt cold and bitter. I hated God for doing this to me and was terrified of what would

happen when my parents weren't there to look after me.’

'I could brush my own teeth with a wall mounted brush and wash my own hair with pump action soap, but there was so much that was impossible for me.'

 At age ten Nick tried to drown himself in the bath but luckily the attempt was unsuccessful. 'I felt there was no purpose when you lack purpose and strength. It is hard to hold on,' he said. But with the help of his religion, friends and family, Nick managed to pull through to become an international symbol of triumph over adversity.

'When I was 13, I read a newspaper article about a disabled man who had managed to achieve great things and helped others,' said Nick.

 'I realised why God had made us like this - to give hope to others. It was so inspirational to me that I decided to use my life to encourage other people and give them the courage that the article had given me.’

 'I decided to be thankful for what I do have, not get angry about what I don't.’

 'I looked at myself in the mirror and said: 'You know

what the world is right that I have no arms or legs, but they'll never take away the beauty of my eyes.' I wanted to concentrate on something good that I had.'

"The challenges in our lives are there to strengthen our convictions. They are not there to run us over", said Nick. In 1990 Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award for his bravery and perseverance.

'And once I was in a car and a girl at traffic lights was looking at me interestingly. She could only see my head so I decided to do a 360 degree spin in the car seat to freak her out. Her face was like woooooooah what is going on? She sped off really quickly.'

Nick began travelling the world and in 2008 he went to Hawaii and met surfing master Bethany Hamilton, who had her arm bitten off by a shark when she was 12.

'She was amazing,’ said Nick. 'She taught me how to surf and I was terrified at first, but once I got up there it felt absolutely fantastic and I caught some waves pretty well.' Nick quickly learned how to do the 360 degree spins on his board - a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine within 48 hours. 'No one has ever done that in the history of surfing,' he said. ‘But I have a very low centre of gravity so I've got pretty good balance.’

He has visited different countries all over the world. The football fan is now a motivational speaker and has travelled to over 24 countries speaking to groups of up to 110,000 people.

 He moved to Los Angeles two years ago in 2007 and plans to continue to travel the world.

"If I fail, I try again, and again, and again. If you fail, are you going to try again? The human spirit can handle much worse than we realize. It matters how you are going to finish. Are you going to finish strong?" said Nick

 'I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,' he said. 'If I can encourage just one person then my job in this life is done.'

Comprehension Questions and Answers:

30 Simple Factual Questions for better understanding the text

1. What is the main theme of the text?
• Answer: The main theme is about Nick Vujicic, a person born without arms and legs, overcoming challenges and leading a fulfilling life.
2. Where was Nick born?
• Answer: Nick was born in Melbourne, Australia.
3. What is unique about Nick's physical condition?
• Answer: Nick was born with no arms and legs.
4. How does Nick manage to maintain balance despite having no legs?
• Answer: Nick has a small foot on his left hip that helps him balance.
5. What does Nick humorously call his small foot?
• Answer: Nick calls his small foot on his left hip his "chicken drumstick."
6. What sports does Nick participate in despite his physical condition?
• Answer: Nick plays football, golf, swims, and surfs.
7. What is Nick's attitude towards marriage?
• Answer: Nick has chosen to remain a virgin until marriage due to his faith as an Evangelical Christian.
8. What special skill did Nick's father teach him at the age of 6?
• Answer: Nick's father taught him how to type with his toe when he was 6 years old.
9. How did Nick's parents contribute to his independence despite his disability?
• Answer: Nick's dad put him in the water at 18 months to learn swimming, and his mom invented a device for him to hold a pen and pencil.
10. What degree did Nick achieve later in life?
• Answer: Nick later achieved a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate.
11. Why did Nick's parents decide not to send him to a special school?
• Answer: Despite the difficulty, Nick's parents wanted him to attend mainstream school for independence.
12. At what age did Nick attempt to drown himself?
• Answer: Nick attempted to drown himself at the age of ten.
13. How did Nick cope with depression at a young age?
• Answer: With the help of his religion, friends, and family, Nick managed to overcome depression.
14. What inspired Nick to use his life to encourage others?
• Answer: A newspaper article about a disabled man achieving great things inspired Nick to encourage others.
15. What award did Nick win in 1990?
• Answer: Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award in 1990.
16. How did Nick learn to surf, and who taught him?
• Answer: Nick learned to surf from surfing master Bethany Hamilton in Hawaii.
17. What unique feat did Nick achieve on his surfboard?
• Answer: Nick performed 360-degree spins on his surfboard, a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine.
18. How many countries has Nick travelled to as a motivational speaker?
• Answer: Nick has travelled to over 24 countries as a motivational speaker.
19. What does Nick advise people to do when they fail?
• Answer: Nick advises people to keep getting up when they fall and to always love themselves.
20. What is Nick's perspective on the human spirit's resilience?
• Answer: Nick believes that the human spirit can handle much worse than we realize.
21. What is Nick's message to people about finishing strong?
• Answer: Nick encourages people to finish strong and emphasizes that it matters how one finishes.
22. What is Nick's current profession?
• Answer: Nick is currently a motivational speaker.
23. Where did Nick move to in 2007?
• Answer: Nick moved to Los Angeles in 2007.
24. What is Nick's plan for the future?
• Answer: Nick plans to continue traveling the world.
25. How does Nick describe his approach to failure?
• Answer: Nick describes his approach to failure as trying again and again.
26. What is Nick's ultimate goal in encouraging others?
• Answer: Nick's ultimate goal is to encourage at least one person, considering his job in life done.
27. What is Nick's unique skill in a car that surprised a girl?
• Answer: Nick did a 360-degree spin in a car seat to surprise a girl at traffic lights.
28. What did Nick decide to concentrate on when he looked at himself in the mirror?
• Answer: Nick decided to concentrate on something good he had, like the beauty of his eyes.
29. What physical condition did Nick's disability result from, and was it common?
• Answer: Nick's disability resulted from a rare condition called Phocomelia, and it was not common.
30. What is the significance of the title "Attitude Is Altitude"?
• Answer: The title suggests that one's attitude determines their altitude or level of success in life.

 

10 Simple Inferential Questions for better understanding the text

1. Infer from the text, what role did Nick's parents play in shaping his independence?
• Answer: Nick's parents played a crucial role in shaping his independence by making decisions like mainstream schooling and providing support for learning essential skills.
2. Based on the information, what impact did Nick's faith as an Evangelical Christian have on his life choices?
• Answer: Nick's faith influenced his decision to remain a virgin until marriage and likely played a role in his positive outlook on life.
3. Infer from the text, how did Nick's disability affect his parents emotionally when he was born?
• Answer: Nick's father was initially shocked and left the hospital room to vomit, while his mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.
4. Based on the text, why did Nick's parents choose not to send him to a special school despite the challenges?
• Answer: Nick's parents believed that mainstream schooling, despite its difficulties, would provide him with independence, which they considered the best decision for him.
5. Infer from the information provided, how did Nick cope with depression at the age of eight?
• Answer: Nick sought help from his mother, expressing thoughts of suicide, but eventually overcame depression with the support of his religion, friends, and family.
6. Based on the text, how did Nick's unique physical abilities contribute to his achievements in surfing?
• Answer: Nick's low center of gravity and ability to perform 360-degree spins on his surfboard were attributed to his unique physical condition, contributing to his success in surfing.
7. Infer from the information, what inspired Nick to become a motivational speaker?
• Answer: Nick was inspired by a newspaper article about a disabled man achieving great things, prompting him to use his life to encourage others and give them hope.
8. Based on the text, how did Nick's parents support his education and skill development despite his physical challenges?
• Answer: Nick's father taught him to type with his toe at the age of six, and his mother invented a special device for him to hold a pen and pencil, facilitating his education and skill development.
9. Infer from the information, what does Nick's message about finishing strong suggest about his personal philosophy?
• Answer: Nick's message implies that regardless of challenges, the way one finishes is crucial, emphasizing resilience, determination, and a positive mindset.
10. Based on the text, how did Nick's meeting with surfing master Bethany Hamilton impact his life?
• Answer: Nick learned to surf from Bethany Hamilton, and this experience not only helped him overcome fear but also contributed to his becoming an international symbol of triumph over adversity.

10 Simple Extrapolating Questions for better understanding the text

1. Considering Nick's positive attitude, how might his approach to challenges inspire others facing difficulties in their lives?
• Answer: Nick's positive attitude could inspire others to adopt a resilient mindset, emphasizing the importance of facing challenges with optimism and determination.
2. If Nick hadn't moved to Los Angeles in 2007, how might his life and career as a motivational speaker have been different?
• Answer: If Nick hadn't moved to Los Angeles, he might not have had the same opportunities to reach a wide audience as a motivational speaker, impacting the trajectory of his career.
3. Considering Nick's commitment to remain a virgin until marriage, how might his values influence his future relationships and family life?
• Answer: Nick's commitment suggests that he values strong moral principles, and this could shape his future relationships and family life, emphasizing patience and waiting for the right partner.
4. If Nick's parents had chosen to send him to a special school, how might his independence and achievements have been affected?
• Answer: Sending Nick to a special school might have provided more tailored support, but it could have impacted his independence, potentially altering the course of his achievements and personal growth.
5. Considering Nick's achievements in water sports, how might his success in football and skateboarding contribute to breaking stereotypes about physical abilities?
• Answer: Nick's success in various sports challenges stereotypes about physical abilities, showcasing that individuals with disabilities can excel in a wide range of activities, fostering inclusivity.
6. If Nick had not chosen to become a motivational speaker, how might he have used his life experiences to make a positive impact on others?
• Answer: If Nick had not become a motivational speaker, he might have pursued alternative ways to share his experiences, such as writing or mentoring, to positively impact others facing challenges.
7. Considering Nick's childhood attempt to drown himself, how might his life have unfolded differently if that attempt had been successful?
• Answer: If Nick's childhood attempt had been successful, the world would have missed out on his inspirational story and the positive impact he has had as a motivational speaker.
8. Considering Nick's international travels, how might exposure to diverse cultures influence his motivational messages and perspectives?
• Answer: Nick's exposure to diverse cultures could enrich his motivational messages by incorporating a global perspective, making his advice more relatable and applicable to a wide audience.
9. If Nick's parents had not insisted on mainstream schooling, how might his education have shaped his outlook and opportunities in life?
• Answer: Without mainstream schooling, Nick's education might have been more specialized but could have limited his exposure to a diverse environment, potentially impacting his outlook and opportunities.
10. Considering Nick's decision to be thankful for what he has, how might this philosophy contribute to his continued success and happiness in the future?
• Answer: Nick's gratitude philosophy may continue to contribute to his success and happiness by fostering a positive mindset, resilience, and an appreciation for life's blessings, regardless of challenges.

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 Attitude Is Altitude

For Video to watch Questions and Answers Click here or touch me once

Imagine having no arms to stretch in the morning, to help you scratch that itch, to allow you to wrap your arms around your loved ones. Imagine having no legs to kick pebbles down the street, to walk or run, to bicycle or skateboard, or get you from point A to point B. Then imagine both at once, which is what Nick has faced his whole life. Have you heard something like this before?

Nick was born with no arms and legs - but he doesn’t let the details stop him. The brave 26-year-old — who is mainly a torso — plays football and golf, swims and surfs, despite having no limbs.

Nick has a small foot on his left hip which helps him balance and enables him to kick. He uses his one foot to type, write with a pen and pick things up between his toes.

‘I call it my chicken drumstick,’ joked Nick, who was born in Melbourne, Australia, but now lives in Los Angeles. ‘I’d be lost

without it.’

Due to his faith as an Evangelical Christian, Nick has chosen to remain a virgin until marriage.

 'He's very modest but he gets marriage proposals from women all the time,' said Nick's friend and publicist Steve Appel, from Los Angeles.

 'He would love to get married and start a family but he's waiting for the right girl to come along.'

 Water sports aren't Nick's only thing - he also plays golf with a club ucked under his chin, and is a huge fan of the English Premier League.

His parents decided not to send him to a special school - a decision he said was very hard for him, but which may have been the best decision they could have made for him.

When Nick was born his father was so shocked that he left the hospital room to vomit. His distraught mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.

 His disability came without any medical explanation - a rare occurrence called Phocomelia - and Nick and his parents spent many years asking why this cruel trick would happen to them. 'My mother was a nurse and she did everything right during pregnancy but she still blamed herself,' he said.

'It was so hard for them but right from the start they did their best to make me independent.’  'My dad put me in the water at 18 months and gave the courage to learn how to swim.’ 'I also got really into football and skateboarding. I totally love the English Premier League.'  Nick's father was a computer programmer and accountant and he taught his little son

how to type with his toe at just 6 years old. His mum invented a special plastic device that meant he could hold a pen and pencil.

Despite the risk of being bullied, his parents insisted Nick on attending mainstream school. 'It was the best decision they could have made for me,' adds Nick, who later achieved a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate. 'It was very hard but it gave me independence.'

Nick, who was teased and bullied, had an electric wheelchair for mobility, and a team of carers to help him.

 'I was deeply depressed when I was eight years old,' he said. 'I went to my mum crying and told her I wanted to kill myself.’

'I felt cold and bitter. I hated God for doing this to me and was terrified of what would

happen when my parents weren't there to look after me.’

'I could brush my own teeth with a wall mounted brush and wash my own hair with pump action soap, but there was so much that was impossible for me.'

 At age ten Nick tried to drown himself in the bath but luckily the attempt was unsuccessful. 'I felt there was no purpose when you lack purpose and strength. It is hard to hold on,' he said. But with the help of his religion, friends and family, Nick managed to pull through to become an international symbol of triumph over adversity.

'When I was 13, I read a newspaper article about a disabled man who had managed to achieve great things and helped others,' said Nick.

 'I realised why God had made us like this - to give hope to others. It was so inspirational to me that I decided to use my life to encourage other people and give them the courage that the article had given me.’

 'I decided to be thankful for what I do have, not get angry about what I don't.’

 'I looked at myself in the mirror and said: 'You know

what the world is right that I have no arms or legs, but they'll never take away the beauty of my eyes.' I wanted to concentrate on something good that I had.'

"The challenges in our lives are there to strengthen our convictions. They are not there to run us over", said Nick. In 1990 Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award for his bravery and perseverance.

'And once I was in a car and a girl at traffic lights was looking at me interestingly. She could only see my head so I decided to do a 360 degree spin in the car seat to freak her out. Her face was like woooooooah what is going on? She sped off really quickly.'

Nick began travelling the world and in 2008 he went to Hawaii and met surfing master Bethany Hamilton, who had her arm bitten off by a shark when she was 12.

'She was amazing,’ said Nick. 'She taught me how to surf and I was terrified at first, but once I got up there it felt absolutely fantastic and I caught some waves pretty well.' Nick quickly learned how to do the 360 degree spins on his board - a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine within 48 hours. 'No one has ever done that in the history of surfing,' he said. ‘But I have a very low centre of gravity so I've got pretty good balance.’

He has visited different countries all over the world. The football fan is now a motivational speaker and has travelled to over 24 countries speaking to groups of up to 110,000 people.

 He moved to Los Angeles two years ago in 2007 and plans to continue to travel the world.

"If I fail, I try again, and again, and again. If you fail, are you going to try again? The human spirit can handle much worse than we realize. It matters how you are going to finish. Are you going to finish strong?" said Nick

 'I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,' he said. 'If I can encourage just one person then my job in this life is done.'

Comprehension Questions and Answers:

30 Simple Factual Questions for better understanding the text

1. What is the main theme of the text?
• Answer: The main theme is about Nick Vujicic, a person born without arms and legs, overcoming challenges and leading a fulfilling life.
2. Where was Nick born?
• Answer: Nick was born in Melbourne, Australia.
3. What is unique about Nick's physical condition?
• Answer: Nick was born with no arms and legs.
4. How does Nick manage to maintain balance despite having no legs?
• Answer: Nick has a small foot on his left hip that helps him balance.
5. What does Nick humorously call his small foot?
• Answer: Nick calls his small foot on his left hip his "chicken drumstick."
6. What sports does Nick participate in despite his physical condition?
• Answer: Nick plays football, golf, swims, and surfs.
7. What is Nick's attitude towards marriage?
• Answer: Nick has chosen to remain a virgin until marriage due to his faith as an Evangelical Christian.
8. What special skill did Nick's father teach him at the age of 6?
• Answer: Nick's father taught him how to type with his toe when he was 6 years old.
9. How did Nick's parents contribute to his independence despite his disability?
• Answer: Nick's dad put him in the water at 18 months to learn swimming, and his mom invented a device for him to hold a pen and pencil.
10. What degree did Nick achieve later in life?
• Answer: Nick later achieved a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate.
11. Why did Nick's parents decide not to send him to a special school?
• Answer: Despite the difficulty, Nick's parents wanted him to attend mainstream school for independence.
12. At what age did Nick attempt to drown himself?
• Answer: Nick attempted to drown himself at the age of ten.
13. How did Nick cope with depression at a young age?
• Answer: With the help of his religion, friends, and family, Nick managed to overcome depression.
14. What inspired Nick to use his life to encourage others?
• Answer: A newspaper article about a disabled man achieving great things inspired Nick to encourage others.
15. What award did Nick win in 1990?
• Answer: Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award in 1990.
16. How did Nick learn to surf, and who taught him?
• Answer: Nick learned to surf from surfing master Bethany Hamilton in Hawaii.
17. What unique feat did Nick achieve on his surfboard?
• Answer: Nick performed 360-degree spins on his surfboard, a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine.
18. How many countries has Nick travelled to as a motivational speaker?
• Answer: Nick has travelled to over 24 countries as a motivational speaker.
19. What does Nick advise people to do when they fail?
• Answer: Nick advises people to keep getting up when they fall and to always love themselves.
20. What is Nick's perspective on the human spirit's resilience?
• Answer: Nick believes that the human spirit can handle much worse than we realize.
21. What is Nick's message to people about finishing strong?
• Answer: Nick encourages people to finish strong and emphasizes that it matters how one finishes.
22. What is Nick's current profession?
• Answer: Nick is currently a motivational speaker.
23. Where did Nick move to in 2007?
• Answer: Nick moved to Los Angeles in 2007.
24. What is Nick's plan for the future?
• Answer: Nick plans to continue traveling the world.
25. How does Nick describe his approach to failure?
• Answer: Nick describes his approach to failure as trying again and again.
26. What is Nick's ultimate goal in encouraging others?
• Answer: Nick's ultimate goal is to encourage at least one person, considering his job in life done.
27. What is Nick's unique skill in a car that surprised a girl?
• Answer: Nick did a 360-degree spin in a car seat to surprise a girl at traffic lights.
28. What did Nick decide to concentrate on when he looked at himself in the mirror?
• Answer: Nick decided to concentrate on something good he had, like the beauty of his eyes.
29. What physical condition did Nick's disability result from, and was it common?
• Answer: Nick's disability resulted from a rare condition called Phocomelia, and it was not common.
30. What is the significance of the title "Attitude Is Altitude"?
• Answer: The title suggests that one's attitude determines their altitude or level of success in life.

 

10 Simple Inferential Questions for better understanding the text

1. Infer from the text, what role did Nick's parents play in shaping his independence?
• Answer: Nick's parents played a crucial role in shaping his independence by making decisions like mainstream schooling and providing support for learning essential skills.
2. Based on the information, what impact did Nick's faith as an Evangelical Christian have on his life choices?
• Answer: Nick's faith influenced his decision to remain a virgin until marriage and likely played a role in his positive outlook on life.
3. Infer from the text, how did Nick's disability affect his parents emotionally when he was born?
• Answer: Nick's father was initially shocked and left the hospital room to vomit, while his mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.
4. Based on the text, why did Nick's parents choose not to send him to a special school despite the challenges?
• Answer: Nick's parents believed that mainstream schooling, despite its difficulties, would provide him with independence, which they considered the best decision for him.
5. Infer from the information provided, how did Nick cope with depression at the age of eight?
• Answer: Nick sought help from his mother, expressing thoughts of suicide, but eventually overcame depression with the support of his religion, friends, and family.
6. Based on the text, how did Nick's unique physical abilities contribute to his achievements in surfing?
• Answer: Nick's low center of gravity and ability to perform 360-degree spins on his surfboard were attributed to his unique physical condition, contributing to his success in surfing.
7. Infer from the information, what inspired Nick to become a motivational speaker?
• Answer: Nick was inspired by a newspaper article about a disabled man achieving great things, prompting him to use his life to encourage others and give them hope.
8. Based on the text, how did Nick's parents support his education and skill development despite his physical challenges?
• Answer: Nick's father taught him to type with his toe at the age of six, and his mother invented a special device for him to hold a pen and pencil, facilitating his education and skill development.
9. Infer from the information, what does Nick's message about finishing strong suggest about his personal philosophy?
• Answer: Nick's message implies that regardless of challenges, the way one finishes is crucial, emphasizing resilience, determination, and a positive mindset.
10. Based on the text, how did Nick's meeting with surfing master Bethany Hamilton impact his life?
• Answer: Nick learned to surf from Bethany Hamilton, and this experience not only helped him overcome fear but also contributed to his becoming an international symbol of triumph over adversity.

10 Simple Extrapolating Questions for better understanding the text

1. Considering Nick's positive attitude, how might his approach to challenges inspire others facing difficulties in their lives?
• Answer: Nick's positive attitude could inspire others to adopt a resilient mindset, emphasizing the importance of facing challenges with optimism and determination.
2. If Nick hadn't moved to Los Angeles in 2007, how might his life and career as a motivational speaker have been different?
• Answer: If Nick hadn't moved to Los Angeles, he might not have had the same opportunities to reach a wide audience as a motivational speaker, impacting the trajectory of his career.
3. Considering Nick's commitment to remain a virgin until marriage, how might his values influence his future relationships and family life?
• Answer: Nick's commitment suggests that he values strong moral principles, and this could shape his future relationships and family life, emphasizing patience and waiting for the right partner.
4. If Nick's parents had chosen to send him to a special school, how might his independence and achievements have been affected?
• Answer: Sending Nick to a special school might have provided more tailored support, but it could have impacted his independence, potentially altering the course of his achievements and personal growth.
5. Considering Nick's achievements in water sports, how might his success in football and skateboarding contribute to breaking stereotypes about physical abilities?
• Answer: Nick's success in various sports challenges stereotypes about physical abilities, showcasing that individuals with disabilities can excel in a wide range of activities, fostering inclusivity.
6. If Nick had not chosen to become a motivational speaker, how might he have used his life experiences to make a positive impact on others?
• Answer: If Nick had not become a motivational speaker, he might have pursued alternative ways to share his experiences, such as writing or mentoring, to positively impact others facing challenges.
7. Considering Nick's childhood attempt to drown himself, how might his life have unfolded differently if that attempt had been successful?
• Answer: If Nick's childhood attempt had been successful, the world would have missed out on his inspirational story and the positive impact he has had as a motivational speaker.
8. Considering Nick's international travels, how might exposure to diverse cultures influence his motivational messages and perspectives?
• Answer: Nick's exposure to diverse cultures could enrich his motivational messages by incorporating a global perspective, making his advice more relatable and applicable to a wide audience.
9. If Nick's parents had not insisted on mainstream schooling, how might his education have shaped his outlook and opportunities in life?
• Answer: Without mainstream schooling, Nick's education might have been more specialized but could have limited his exposure to a diverse environment, potentially impacting his outlook and opportunities.
10. Considering Nick's decision to be thankful for what he has, how might this philosophy contribute to his continued success and happiness in the future?
• Answer: Nick's gratitude philosophy may continue to contribute to his success and happiness by fostering a positive mindset, resilience, and an appreciation for life's blessings, regardless of challenges.

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No sooner … than…

 No sooner … than…

Why is it used?

"No sooner" is used to express that one action or event happens immediately after another. It indicates a very short or almost simultaneous time lapse between two actions. When we use "no sooner," it often implies that the second action happens almost immediately after the first, emphasizing the quick sequence of events.

For example:

• No sooner had I closed the door than it started to rain. (The rain started immediately after I closed the door.)

• No sooner did the bell ring than the students rushed out of the classroom. (The students rushed out right after the bell rang.)

It's a way of showing a tight connection in time between two events.

How to do it in examinations?

In the examination question paper there will be two sentences under lined and numbered. Below the passage against the number asks you to rewrite using ‘No sooner … than …’

Pick the two sentences from the question for example here are two sentences.

The alarm clock rang. She got out of bed.

Just think a little to find out the sequence of the actions from the two which action was earlier and which one was later.

Now begin with “No sooner had + sub + past participle of the first action + other details + than + sentence of the later action in simple past”

Remove the full stop of the sentence and add the sentence of the later action in simple present (usually in simple past in the question itself too) and end with full stop.

Answer: No sooner had the alarm clock rung than she got out of bed.

Exercise 1: Combine the sentences using 'No sooner... than.'

1. The rain stopped. The children ran outside to play.
2. Raj finished his dinner. He felt sleepy.
3. The movie started. I bought some popcorn.
4. Tina opened the door. The guests arrived.
5. The teacher entered the class. The students greeted her.
6. The bell rang. The students hurried to their classrooms.
7. The sun set. The moon appeared in the sky.
8. She finished her exam. She checked her answers.
9. The dog heard a noise. It barked loudly.
10. The race began. The runners sprinted forward.
11. The doorbell rang. I opened the door to find a package.
12. The train arrived at the station. Passengers hurried to board.
13. He found his lost keys. He had been searching for them all morning.
14. The baby woke up. The mother prepared a bottle.
15. The music started. Everyone began to dance.
16. The chef cooked a delicious meal. The customers praised him.
17. The car stopped. The driver realized it was out of gas.
18. She finished reading the book. She shared her thoughts with her friend.
19. The sun rose. The birds started singing.
20. The phone rang. I picked it up to hear a friend's voice.

 No sooner … than…

Why is it used?

"No sooner" is used to express that one action or event happens immediately after another. It indicates a very short or almost simultaneous time lapse between two actions. When we use "no sooner," it often implies that the second action happens almost immediately after the first, emphasizing the quick sequence of events.

For example:

• No sooner had I closed the door than it started to rain. (The rain started immediately after I closed the door.)

• No sooner did the bell ring than the students rushed out of the classroom. (The students rushed out right after the bell rang.)

It's a way of showing a tight connection in time between two events.

How to do it in examinations?

In the examination question paper there will be two sentences under lined and numbered. Below the passage against the number asks you to rewrite using ‘No sooner … than …’

Pick the two sentences from the question for example here are two sentences.

The alarm clock rang. She got out of bed.

Just think a little to find out the sequence of the actions from the two which action was earlier and which one was later.

Now begin with “No sooner had + sub + past participle of the first action + other details + than + sentence of the later action in simple past”

Remove the full stop of the sentence and add the sentence of the later action in simple present (usually in simple past in the question itself too) and end with full stop.

Answer: No sooner had the alarm clock rung than she got out of bed.

Exercise 1: Combine the sentences using 'No sooner... than.'

1. The rain stopped. The children ran outside to play.
2. Raj finished his dinner. He felt sleepy.
3. The movie started. I bought some popcorn.
4. Tina opened the door. The guests arrived.
5. The teacher entered the class. The students greeted her.
6. The bell rang. The students hurried to their classrooms.
7. The sun set. The moon appeared in the sky.
8. She finished her exam. She checked her answers.
9. The dog heard a noise. It barked loudly.
10. The race began. The runners sprinted forward.
11. The doorbell rang. I opened the door to find a package.
12. The train arrived at the station. Passengers hurried to board.
13. He found his lost keys. He had been searching for them all morning.
14. The baby woke up. The mother prepared a bottle.
15. The music started. Everyone began to dance.
16. The chef cooked a delicious meal. The customers praised him.
17. The car stopped. The driver realized it was out of gas.
18. She finished reading the book. She shared her thoughts with her friend.
19. The sun rose. The birds started singing.
20. The phone rang. I picked it up to hear a friend's voice.