MAHATMA GANDHI PUSHED OUT OF TRAIN || 9TH CLASS || GLOSSARY, ANTONYMS, SYNONYMS, AND COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

 MAHATMA GANDHI PUSHED OUT OF TRAIN

Glossary:

1.     Porter: A person employed to carry luggage and assist passengers on trains.

2.     The Kingdom of God is Within You: A book written by Leo Tolstoy, a Russian writer and philosopher, promoting non-violence and Christian anarchism.

3.     Conductor: An employee on a train responsible for checking tickets and maintaining order.

4.     Attorney: A lawyer who represents clients in legal matters.

5.     Pretoria: A city in South Africa, where Gandhi was traveling to conduct a case.

6.     High Court of Chancery: A court in England that deals with equity and matters of conscience.

7.     Kaffir: An offensive term historically used in South Africa to refer to Black Africans.

8.     Third class: A lower class of accommodation on a train, often associated with fewer amenities.

9.     Maritzburg Station: Referring to Pietermaritzburg Station, a railway station in South Africa.

10.  Sammy: A derogatory term used to refer to people of Indian descent.

 

Antonyms:

1.     Incredulous: Believing, trusting, convinced

2.     Belligerence: Friendliness, peace, cooperation

3.     Panic: Calmness, composure, tranquility

4.     Anger: Calm, patience, serenity

5.     Humiliation: Pride, dignity, honor

6.     Impotence: Power, potency, effectiveness

7.     Smart (used in a derogatory context): Stupid, unintelligent, foolish

8.     Ugly: Beautiful, attractive, lovely

9.     Demeaning: Respectful, honorable, uplifting

Synonyms:

1.     Young: Youthful, junior, adolescent

2.     Lost: Absorbed, engrossed, preoccupied

3.     Incredulous: Skeptical, doubtful, disbelieving

4.     Smile: Grin, smirk, beam

5.     Puzzled: Confused, perplexed, baffled

6.     Bluster: Bravado, swagger, boastfulness

7.     Belligerence: Aggression, hostility, confrontation

8.     Deduce: Infer, conclude, derive

9.     Panic: Fear, alarm, terror

10.  Rage: Anger, fury, wrath

11.  Humiliation: Embarrassment, shame, mortification

12.  Impotence: Helplessness, powerlessness, incapacity

13.  Smart (used in a derogatory context): Clever, intelligent, sharp

14.  Ugly: Unattractive, unsightly, hideous

15.  Demeaning: Disrespectful, degrading, derogatory

Comprehension Questions and Answers:

1.     Who is the main character in the excerpt, and what is he known for in history?

Ans: The main character in the excerpt is Mahatma Gandhi. He is known for his leadership in India's independence movement against British rule and his philosophy of non-violence and civil disobedience.

2.     Where does the scene take place, and what is the setting?

Ans: The scene takes place in a First Class coach of the South African Railways train at night.

3.     What book is Gandhi reading, and who is the author?

Ans: Gandhi is reading the book "The Kingdom of God is Within You," written by Leo Tolstoy.

4.     Why does the European react negatively upon seeing Gandhi in the First Class section?

Ans: The European reacts negatively because he sees an Indian face (Gandhi) in the First Class section. During that time, racial discrimination was prevalent, and non-white individuals were often not allowed in First Class compartments.

5.     What profession does Gandhi claim to be, and why does the conductor and European refuse to accept it?

Ans: Gandhi claims to be an attorney at law, and he presents his card as evidence. However, the conductor and European refuse to accept it because they believe there are no colored attorneys (people of Indian descent) allowed in South Africa during that period.

6.     How does Gandhi react to the European's discrimination, and what happens as a result?

Ans: Gandhi reacts with a touch of irony and defends his status as an attorney by stating his qualifications. He mentions being called to the bar in London and enrolled in the High Court of Chancery, which makes him an attorney. However, the European insists that Gandhi move to the third class or be thrown off at the next station.

7.     What is the conductor's final decision regarding Gandhi's ticket, and what happens to Gandhi as a result?

Ans: The conductor orders Gandhi to move to the third class or face being thrown off at the next station. Gandhi is eventually forced out of the First Class compartment and ends up on the station platform with his luggage.

8.     How does Gandhi feel after being pushed out of the First-Class compartment, and what emotions are evident on his face?

Ans: After being pushed out of the First-Class compartment, Gandhi feels a mixture of rage, humiliation, and impotence. His face shows the emotions of anger, humiliation, and a sense of helplessness.