20 Rules of Subject-Verb Agreement
Subjects and verbs తప్పకుండా ఒకదానికి మరోటి agreement లో ఉంటేనే ఆ sentence complete sense కలిగి ఉంటుంది. English Grammar లో సుమారుగా 20 rules of subject-verb agreement ఉన్నాయి. చాలా వరకు subject-verb agreement concepts straightforward గానే ఉంటాయి, కానీ కొన్న exceptions (to the rules) complicatedగా అనిపిస్తాయి.
For example, "They are fun" అంటామా లేదా "They is fun"? అంటామా. "they" is plural, కాబట్టి plural form of the verb, "are" సరైనది అవుతుంది. ఇక అసలు కథలోకి వెళదాం....
1. Subjects and verbs must agree in number.
ఇది మొదటి మరియు ముఖ్యమైనది. Subject singular అయినపుడు Verb కూడా singular అయి ఉండాలి. ఒక వేళ Subject plural అయినపుడు Verb కూడా plural అయి ఉండాలి.
Eg: The dog growls when he is angry. (dog - singular; growls-singular)
The dogs growl when they are angry. (dog - plural; growl-plural)
2. Subordinate clauses that come between the subject and verb don't affect their agreement.
ఇక్కడ subject కి మరియు verb కి మధ్యలో Subordinate clauses వచ్చనా కూడా అది agreement విషయంలో ఎలాంటి ప్రభావము చూపించవు.
Eg: The dog, who is chewing on my jeans, is usually very good.
3. Prepositional phrases between the subject and verb usually do not affect agreement.
ఇక్కడ subject కి మరియు verb కి మధ్యలో Prepositional phrases వచ్చనా కూడా అది agreement విషయంలో ఎలాంటి ప్రభావము చూపించవు.
Eg: The colors of the rainbow are beautiful.
4. When sentences start with "there" or "here," the subject will always be placed after the verb. Some care needs to be taken to identify each part correctly.
ఏ sentence అయితే there లేదా here తొో ప్రారంభమైనపుడు సాధారణంగా subject అనేది verb తరువాత వస్తుంది. ఇలాంటి సందర్భాలలో జాగ్రత్తగా వ్యవహరించాలి.
Eg: There is a problem with the balance sheet.
Here are the papers you requested.
5. Subjects don't always come before verbs in questions. Make sure you accurately identify the subject before deciding on the proper verb form to use.
Questions లో కూడా చాలా వరకు Subjects verbs కు ముందు రావు. ఇలాంటి సందర్భాలలో కూడా జాగ్రత్తగా వ్యవహరించాలి.
Eg: Where are the pieces of my broken glass?
6. If two subjects are joined by "and," they typically require a plural verb form.
ఒకవేళ రెండు subjects ను andతో కలిపినట్లైతే plural verb form ఉపయోగించాల్సి ఉంటుంది.
Eg: The cow and the pig are jumping over the moon. (over the moon = extremely happy)
7. The verb is singular if the two subjects separated by "and" refer to the same person or thing as a whole.
ఒకవేళ రెండు subjects కూడా ఒకరినే సూచించిస్తే andతో విడదీస్తే singular verb form ఉపయోగించాల్సి ఉంటుంది.
Eg: Red beans and rice is my mom's favorite dish. (ఇక్కడ Red beans మరియు rice కలిసిన ఒకే dish అన్నమాట)
8. If one of the words "each," "every," or "no" comes before the subject, the verb is singular.
వాక్యంలో "each," గానీ "every," గానీ "no" గానీ subject కు ముందు వచ్చనపుడు verb singular అవుతుంది.
Eg: No smoking or drinking is allowed.
Every man and woman is required to check in.
9. If the subjects are both singular and are connected by the words "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," or "not only/but also," the verb is singular.
వాక్యంలో రెండు subjects కూడా singular అయిఉండి "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," లేదా "not only/but also," లచేత connect చేయబడినట్లైతే verb కూడా singular అవుతుంది.
Eg: Either Janaki or Jahnavi is to blame for the accident
10. If the subjects are both plural and are connected by the words "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," or "not only/but also," the verb is plural.
వాక్యంలో రెండు subjects కూడా plural అయిఉండి "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," లేదా "not only/but also," లచేత connect చేయబడినట్లైతే verb కూడా plural అవుతుంది.
Eg: Not only dogs but also cats are available at the animal shelter.
11. If one subject is singular and the other is plural, and the words are connected by the words "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," or "not only/but also," use the verb form of the subject that is nearest the verb.
వాక్యంలో రెండు subjects ఉండి ఒక subject singular అయి మరొక subject plural అయిఉండి "or," "nor," "neither/nor," "either/or," లేదా "not only/but also," లచేత connect చేయబడినట్లైతే verb కి దగ్గరగా ఉన్న Subject తో agree అయ్యే verb తీసుకోవాలి.
Eg: Either the bears or the lion has escaped from the zoo.
Neither the lion nor the bears have escaped from the zoo.
12. The only time the object of the preposition decides plural or singular verb forms is when noun and pronoun subjects like "some," "half," "none," "more," or "all" are followed by a prepositional phrase. Then the object of the preposition determines the form of the verb.
ఎప్పుడైతే "some," "half," "none," "more," or "all" లాంటి subjects తరువాత prepositional phrase ఉంటే plural లేదా singular verb forms ని object of the preposition ఆధారంగా నిర్ణయించాల్సి ఉంటుంది.
Eg: All of the chicken is gone.
All of the chickens are gone.
13. The singular verb form is usually reserved for units of measurement or time.
Units of measurements కి సాధారణంగా singular verb form ఉపయోగిస్తారు.
Eg: Four quarts of oil was required to get the car running.
14. Indefinite pronouns typically take singular verbs (with some exceptions).
కొన్ని మినహాయింపులతో Indefinite pronouns కి singular verbs తో agree అవుతాయి.
Eg: Everybody wants to be loved.
(14కు మినహాయింపు: the indefinite pronouns "all," "any," "more," "most," "none," and "some," can be plural or singular, depending on how they're used in the sentence.)
15. The exceptions to the above rule include the pronouns "few," "many," "several," "both," "all," and "some." These always take the plural form.
(14కు మినహాయింపు)గా "few," "many," "several," "both," "all," and "some" లకు ఎప్పుడూ plural verb ఉపయోగిస్తాము.
Eg: Few were left alive after the flood.
16. If two infinitives are separated by "and," they take the plural form of the verb.
రెండు infinitives ని and చేత వేరు చేసినపుడు plural verb ఉపయోగిస్తాము.
Eg: To walk and to chew gum require great skill.
17. When gerunds are used as the subject of a sentence, they take the singular form of the verb. However, when they are linked by "and," they take the plural form.
వాక్యంలో gerund ని subject గా ఉపయోగించినపుడు singular plural వాడతాము. ఒకవేళ రెండు gerunds ని and చేత కలిపితే plural plural వాడతాము.
Eg: Standing in the water was a bad idea.
Swimming in the ocean and playing drums are my hobbies.
18. A collective noun, such as "team" or "staff," can be either singular or plural depending upon the rest of the sentence. Typically, they take the singular form, as the collective noun is treated as a cohesive single unit.
మిగతా వాక్యాన్ని ఆధారంగా చేసుకుని collective noun కు singular లేదా plural verb ఉపయోగించవచ్చును. సాధారణంగా singular verb ఉపయోగిస్తారు.
Eg: The herd is stampeding.
19. Titles of books, movies, novels, and other similar works are treated as singular and take a singular verb.
Eg: The Vemana Shataka Padyalu is a collection of more than a hundred poems.
20. Final rule: Remember, only the subject affects the verb! Nothing else matters.
Eg: Jacob, who owns sixteen houses, is on his way to becoming a billionaire.
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